Name of Division: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (Department of Hospital Pharmacy)

Staff

　　　Professor: Masato Yasuhara, Ph.D.
　　　Graduate students (Doctor) : 2

Education

　　Undergraduate Course

　For the medical students, the fundamental knowledge in pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) of drugs is instructed.

　　Graduate Course

　･Seminar on topics of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical data analysis
　･Practice of in vivo animal experiment, drug concentration measurement and kinetic data analysis

　

Research Subjects

　The onset of drug aciton can be divided into two phases: a pharmacokinetic phase; and a pharmacodynamic phase. Many factors such as diseases and drug interactions can affect the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics. It is necessary to clarify variable factors of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in order to establish optimal drug therapies.

　　　The research subject covers following areas;

　　　1. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in disease states
　　　2. Therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacokinetics
　　　3. Membrane transport mechanisms of drugs
　　　4. Development of new drug delivery systems

<Topics>

　Effect of disease states on the pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics-induced seizures Beta-lactam antibiotics such as cefoselis (CFSL) have been reported to cause convulsions in patients with renal failure. Since many beta-lactam antibiotics are mainly eliminated by renal excretion. renal failure would be associated with increased serum concentrations of these antibiotics. On the other hand. it is still unknown whether renal failure can alter the pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics-induced seizures.

　We investigated the effect of experimental renal failure on the pharmacodynamics of CFSL-induced seizures in rats. Rats received an i.v. infusion of CFSL until onset of seizures, and samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood and brain were obtained immediately after stopping CFSL infusion. The serum, brain and CSF concentrations in ureteral-ligation rats were significantly lower than that in control rats. These results suggest that renal failure by ureteral-ligation is associated with increased sensitivity of central nervous system to CFSL-induced seizures.

　

Publications

　Nagata M., Yasuhara M.: Effect of experimental renal failure on the pharmacodynamics of cefoselis-induced in rats., Biol. Pharm. Bull., 24, 1049-1052, 2001

[Graduate School, School of Medicine]

［TOKYO MEDICAL AND DENTAL UNIVERSITY］